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CDSCO & WHO Model Essential Medicines Formulary

Medicines & Drug Database A–Z

Search over 11 educational drug references. Access indications, general usage notes, precautions, and interaction warnings.

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Antibiotic (3rd Gen Cephalosporin)Prescription

Cefpodoxime Proxetil

Generic: Cefpodoxime Proxetil

Indicated for acute community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB), acute maxillary sinusitis, acute otitis media, streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis, uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections (acute cystitis and uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis).

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Cefpodoxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that kills bacteria by preventing them from building their protective cell walls. By inactivating bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), it causes the bacterial wall to crack, leak, and burst under internal osmotic pressure, rapidly clearing bacterial infections of the chest, throat, ears, sinuses, and urinary tract.

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Antibiotic (2nd Gen Cephalosporin)Prescription

Cefuroxime Axetil

Generic: Cefuroxime Axetil

Indicated for acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis, acute otitis media, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis, uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections, uncomplicated urinary tract infections, and early Lyme disease (erythema migrans).

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Cefuroxime is a second-generation antibiotic that destroys bacteria by breaking down their protective cell wall. It binds to essential bacterial enzymes (penicillin-binding proteins) that lock cell wall components together. Without this protective barrier, bacteria cannot survive and rupture, eradicating stubborn lung, sinus, ear, and Lyme disease infections.

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COX-2 Inhibitor, NSAIDRx

Celecoxib

Generic: Celecoxib

Relieve pain and inflammation

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Celecoxib calms inflammation and blocks chemical pain signals in the nervous system to deliver targeted relief from aches, fever, and stiffness.

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Antibiotic (1st Gen Cephalosporin)Prescription

Cephalexin

Generic: Cephalexin (Cefalexin)

First-line therapy for skin and soft tissue infections (cellulitis, impetigo, folliculitis, furuncles, wound infections), streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis, uncomplicated urinary tract infections (acute cystitis), acute otitis media, and bone infections (osteomyelitis) caused by susceptible organisms.

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Cephalexin works by disabling the enzymes bacteria need to build and maintain their strong cellular outer walls. As the bacteria attempt to grow and divide without intact peptidoglycan mesh, their cell wall breaks down and bursts due to internal fluid pressure, killing the bacteria and curing the infection.

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RespiratoryOTC

Cetirizine

Generic: Cetirizine Hydrochloride

Relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal itching, itchy watery eyes) and uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria (hives).

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Cetirizine blocks histamine, the natural allergic substance released during pollen or dust exposure, relieving sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and hives without causing heavy drowsiness.

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AntibioticPrescription

Ciprofloxacin

Generic: Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride

Complicated urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, infectious bacterial diarrhea, typhoid fever, intra-abdominal infections, bone and joint infections, and anthrax post-exposure prophylaxis.

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Ciprofloxacin halts bacterial infections by disabling the vital enzymes bacteria require to unwind, copy, and repair their genetic DNA code.

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SSRIRx

Citalopram

Generic: Citalopram

Treat depression

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Citalopram works at the cellular level to correct underlying biochemical imbalances, reduce clinical symptoms, and support overall health.

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BenzodiazepineRx

Clonazepam

Generic: Clonazepam

Treat seizures and panic disorder

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Clonazepam works at the cellular level to correct underlying biochemical imbalances, reduce clinical symptoms, and support overall health.

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P2Y12 Platelet InhibitorRx

Clopidogrel

Generic: Clopidogrel

Prevent heart attacks and strokes

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Clopidogrel works at the cellular level to correct underlying biochemical imbalances, reduce clinical symptoms, and support overall health.

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DermatologicalOTC

Clotrimazole

Generic: Clotrimazole

Topical treatment of cutaneous candidiasis, tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (ringworm), tinea versicolor, and vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast infection).

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Clotrimazole works at the cellular level to correct underlying biochemical imbalances, reduce clinical symptoms, and support overall health.

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Skeletal Muscle RelaxantRx

Cyclobenzaprine

Generic: Cyclobenzaprine

Relieve muscle spasms

⚙️ Work Mechanism:

Cyclobenzaprine works at the cellular level to correct underlying biochemical imbalances, reduce clinical symptoms, and support overall health.

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